Mathematics Problem Of the Week

Fall 2006

POW #7

The Island of Knights and Knaves

 

You are visiting an island where only two types of people live. 

Knights always say the truth (i.e. all statements knights say are true) and knaves always lie (i.e. all statements knaves say are false).

(1) You ask person A living on the island, “Are you a knight?” 

A replies, “If I am a knight, then I will eat my hat.”

Prove that person A has to eat his hat.

 

(2) Three inhabitants B, C, and D of the island are being interviewed.

B and C make the following statements:

          B: “C is a knight.”

          C: “If B is a knight, then so is D.”

Can you determine what type of person any of B, C, and/or D are?

Justify your answer(s).

 

(3) It has been rumored that there is gold on the island of knights and knaves.  You ask local person E whether there is any gold on the island. 

E: “There is gold on this island if and only if I am a knight.”

   (a) Can it be determined whether E is a knight or a knave? 

   (b) Can it be determined whether there is gold on the island?

         Justify your answers in each case.

 

Due Friday, November 3rd at Noon.

Solutions should be submitted to Dr. R. Lock's mailbox in the Math office or sent via e-mail to rlock@stlawu.edu.